Aluminum shine matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙaƙƙarfan karafa waɗanda masana'anta ke amfani da su da yawa.Wanda aka sani da "alumina," an yi amfani da mahadi na aluminum don haɗa magunguna a tsohuwar Masar da kuma saita rini na zane a wani lokaci na Tsakiyar Tsakiya.
A farkon karni na sha takwas, masana kimiyya sun yi zargin cewa wadannan mahadi na dauke da karfe, kuma a shekara ta 1807, wani masanin kimiya na Ingila Sir Humphry Davy ya yi kokarin ware shi.Ko da yake kokarinsa ya gaza, Davy ya tabbatar da cewa alumina yana da tushe na karfe, wanda da farko aka sani da "alumina."Daga baya Davy ya canza wannan zuwa “aluminum,” kuma, kamar yadda masana kimiyya a ƙasashe da yawa suka rubuta kalmar “aluminium,” yawancin Amurkawa suna amfani da rubutun Davy da aka bita.
A cikin 1825, wani masanin kimiyar Danish mai suna Hans Christian Ørsted ya keɓanta aluminium mai inganci, kuma bayan shekaru 20, wani masanin kimiyyar lissafi mai suna Friedrich Wohler daga Bajamushe ya zama mai iya ƙirƙirar manyan barbashi na ƙarfe;duk da haka, tarkacen Wohler ya kasance mafi kyawun girman filaye.
A cikin 1854 Henri Sainte-Claire Deville, masanin kimiyya na Faransa, ƙaƙƙarfan dabarar Wohler ya isa ya ƙirƙira lumps na aluminum masu girma kamar marmara.Hanyar Deville ta samar da ginshiƙi na masana'antar aluminium, kuma an nuna sandunan aluminium na farko a cikin 1855 akan nunin Paris.
A wannan dalilin girman kimar keɓance sabon ƙarfe da aka samo ya hana kasuwancin sa amfani da shi.Duk da haka, a cikin 1866 masana kimiyya suna gudana ɗaya bayan ɗaya a cikin Amurka da Faransa a lokaci guda sun ci gaba da abin da aka kira Hall-Héroult tsarin ware alumina daga oxygen tare da taimakon amfani da wutar lantarki a yau.Yayin da kowane Charles Hall da Paul-Louis-Toussaint Héroult suka ba da izinin bincikensu, a Amurka da Faransa bi da bi, Hall ya zama farkon fahimtar ƙarfin kuɗin hanyar tsarkakewarsa.
A cikin 1888 shi da abokansa da yawa sun kafa Kamfanin Rage Ragewar Pittsburgh, wanda ya samar da ingots na farko na aluminium na watanni 12.Yin amfani da wutar lantarki don sarrafa babban sabon injin jujjuyawa kusa da Niagara Falls da ba da buƙatun kasuwanci na aluminium, ma'aikacin Hall-wanda aka sake masa suna Kamfanin Aluminum na Amurka (Alcoa) a cikin 1907—ya bunƙasa.Daga baya Héroult ya shigar da Aluminium-Industrie-Aktien-Gesellschaft a Switzerland.Ƙarfafawa tare da taimakon girma kira ga aluminum a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na I da II, yawancin wurare na masana'antu daban-daban na duniya sun fara samar da aluminum na sirri.
A cikin 1903, Faransa ta zama ƙasa ta farko da ta samar da foil daga tsararren aluminum.Amurka ta bi sahun shekaru goma bayan haka, fara amfani da sabon samfurin da aka yi amfani da shi na farko shine makamin kafa don gano tantabaru masu tsere.Ba da da ewa ba a yi amfani da foil ɗin aluminum don yin amfani da bins da marufi, kuma Yaƙin Duniya na II ya haɓaka wannan yanayin, ya kafa foil na aluminum a matsayin babban zanen marufi.
Har zuwa yakin duniya na biyu, Alcoa ya kasance kawai mai samar da aluminium mai tsafta na Amurka, amma a yau akwai masu kera kayan aluminium guda bakwai masu mahimmanci a cikin Amurka.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-08-2022